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Institution of the Eucharist
Mark 14: 22-24
While they were eating, he took a loaf of bread, and after blessing it he broke it, gave it to them, and said, "Take; this is my body." Then he took a cup, and after giving thanks he gave it to them, and all of them drank from it. He said to them, "This is my blood of the covenant, which is poured out for many.

Institution of the Eucharist
W
e have four accounts of the institution
of the Eucharist. The earliest is that of Paul (1 Cor 11; 23-26). The others are: Mark 14: 22-24; Matthew 26: 26-30; Luke 22:14-23. Mark/Matthew are very close, as are Paul/Luke. Obviously, and naturally, Paul and the evangelists have reproduced the familiar text of their weekly celebration of the Lord's Supper on the Lord's Day. Here we look to the text of Mark.
Mark 14: 22-24.
The phrase, 'While they were eating' (v 22) resumes the meal episode after the warning of betrayal (vv 17-21). Jesus 'took bread', 'blessed', 'broke', 'gave': the same actions and the very same words as in both feeding stories (6:41; 8: 6). Then the disciples 'did not understand about the loaves' (6:52; see 8:17-21); now the mystery is being revealed. Jesus is the 'one loaf' for Jews and Gentiles because, as he tells them, his body is being given and his blood poured out for Jew and Gentile, 'for many [= all]' (vv 23-24).
'This is my body': Paul (1 Cor 11: 22) adds 'which is for you'. But this is already firmly implied in Mark both through the repeated references to Jesus' death since the beginning of the passion narrative and the explicit statement in the cup saying: 'This is my blood of the covenant'. Exodus 24:8 is certainly in mind: 'See the blood of the covenant that the Lord has made with you.' By the sprinkling of sacrificial blood the people of Israel shared in the blessings of the covenant given at Sinai. Likewise this blood of the cup will be poured out 'for many' (a Semitism, meaning 'all'): a new covenant is being forged and sealed whose blessings are offered to all. The death of Jesus founds the new community. The Last Supper helps us to understand the meaning of Jesus' death on Calvary.
The Supper narrative is based on the Eucharistic liturgical tradition of Mark's community. While less explicit than the Pauline tradition (1 Cor 11: 23-26) it has the same meaning.
In both, the blood seals a new covenant. In both, the Eucharistic meal anticipates the eschatological banquet of the kingdom. And if Mark does not have Paul's 'Do this in remembrance of me', the Eucharistic liturgy of his church was the living fulfilment of that word.
Wilfrid Harrington

This is the Story of Jesus drawn from the four Evangelists

Gospel passages accompanied by a number of brief commentaries
